Celiac disease is a genetic autoimmune disease that affects approximately 1 in 100 people worldwide. It is estimated that around 3 million people in the United States have celiac disease, and it is often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed.

Celiac disease can lead to serious health problems if left untreated, including osteoporosis, anemia, and infertility.

What is celiac disease?

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease that affects the digestive system. When someone with celiac disease consumes gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley, their body’s immune system attacks the small intestine.

This damages the lining of the intestine and can lead to a range of symptoms, including:.

Abdominal pain and bloating
Diarrhea or constipation
Nausea and vomiting
Fatigue
Weight loss
Anemia
Bone pain
Skin rash
Depression and anxiety

Celiac disease can develop at any age, but it often appears in childhood. Children with celiac disease may experience delayed growth and puberty, as well as behavioral and developmental problems.

Kids with celiac disease at double the risk for diagnosis

A recent study published in the journal Pediatrics found that children with a family history of celiac disease are at double the risk of being diagnosed with the condition themselves.

The study analyzed data from more than 6 million children in the United States, and found that the risk of celiac disease was highest for children with a first-degree relative (parent or sibling) with the disease.

The study also found that children with other autoimmune conditions, such as type 1 diabetes or autoimmune thyroid disease, were more likely to have celiac disease. This is because these conditions share a similar underlying immune system dysfunction.

Diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease

Diagnosis of celiac disease involves a blood test to detect antibodies to gluten, followed by a biopsy of the small intestine to confirm the diagnosis.

The only treatment for celiac disease is a gluten-free diet, which involves avoiding all foods that contain wheat, rye, or barley.

A gluten-free diet can be challenging, especially for children, as gluten is found in many common foods, such as bread, pasta, and cereal.

However, there are many gluten-free alternatives available, and with the help of a dietician, a gluten-free diet can be nutritionally balanced.

The importance of early diagnosis

The symptoms of celiac disease can be vague and non-specific, which can make it difficult to diagnose. However, early diagnosis is important to prevent complications of the disease, such as malnutrition and osteoporosis.

It is also important for children with celiac disease to receive appropriate support and accommodations at school and other activities.

If you suspect that your child may have celiac disease, it is important to talk to their doctor. The doctor may recommend a blood test and referral to a gastroenterologist for further evaluation.

Conclusion

Celiac disease is a common but underdiagnosed autoimmune disease that can lead to serious health problems if left untreated.

Children with a family history of celiac disease or other autoimmune conditions are at higher risk of developing the disease themselves. Early diagnosis and a gluten-free diet are crucial for managing the disease and preventing complications.