Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease and the most common type of inflammatory arthritis. It affects around 1% of the world’s population and causes symptoms such as joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and fatigue.

While rheumatoid arthritis is primarily associated with joint issues, it can also affect other bodily systems in a variety of ways. One of those ways is through sexual dysfunction, which can occur in more than half of rheumatic patients. In this article, we’ll be discussing why sexual dysfunction is so prevalent in rheumatics and what can be done to help manage it.

What is Sexual Dysfunction?

Sexual dysfunction is a general term that refers to any issue that interferes with a person’s ability to enjoy sexual activity. This can occur at any stage of sexual response, such as desire, arousal, or orgasm.

Sexual dysfunction can be caused by physical issues, such as hormonal imbalances or injury, and by psychological factors such as depression or anxiety.

Sexual Dysfunction in Rheumatic Patients

Studies suggest that sexual dysfunction is more common among people with rheumatoid arthritis than the general population.

Around 52% of women with rheumatoid arthritis reported experiencing sexual dysfunction, compared to only 27% of women without the disease. Similarly, 61.5% of male rheumatic patients reported sexual dysfunction, compared to only 36.7% of men without the disease.

Causes of Sexual Dysfunction in Rheumatic Patients

There are several reasons why sexual dysfunction is common among those with rheumatoid arthritis. Some of them are:.

Chronic Pain: One of the most common symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, joint pain, can make sexual activity painful and difficult. It can also reduce the desire to have sex in the first place.
Fatigue: Rheumatoid arthritis can cause severe fatigue, making it difficult for patients to find the energy to be intimate.
Medications: Some medications used to treat rheumatic disorders can cause sexual side effects, such as decreased libido or difficulty achieving orgasm.
Depression: Rheumatoid arthritis can cause depression, which can lead to a lack of interest in sex and other activities.
Anxiety: Constant worrying about joint pain, disease progression, and treatment options can cause anxiety which can negatively impact sexual function.
Joint changes: Rheumatoid arthritis can cause significant joint damage, which can make it difficult to move in certain ways. This limitation can lead to decreased sexual function or performance.

Managing Sexual Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Patients

Depending on the root cause of the problem, there are various ways to manage sexual dysfunction in rheumatic patients. Some options are:.

Medication changes: If sexual dysfunction is caused by the medications used to manage rheumatic conditions, switching them may help.
Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help manage joint pain and improve flexibility and mobility, making sexual activities less painful and more comfortable.
Counseling: Counseling can help address the psychological causes of sexual dysfunction, such as depression or anxiety, and restore sexual confidence.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy: This is a specialized type of counseling that helps patients reframe negative thought patterns, which can help manage sexual anxiety and depression.
Working with a sex therapist: A therapist can help guide patients through the emotional and physical intricacies of sexual activity and suggest modifications to help make it more comfortable and enjoyable.

Conclusion

Sexual dysfunction is a common problem among people with rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic conditions. While it can be a difficult issue to address, there are various ways to manage it, from medication changes to physical therapy and counseling.

The most critical thing for patients is to speak up and discuss their experiences with their rheumatologist and other healthcare providers. As with many other aspects of chronic illness, communication is key to finding an effective solution.