Alzheimer’s disease is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that currently affects millions of people worldwide, and the number of cases is expected to rise dramatically over the next few decades.

While the exact cause of Alzheimer’s is not yet fully understood, research has identified several significant risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing this condition, particularly after the age of 50. Here are three of the most important risk factors to be aware of:.

1. Genetics

Research has shown that there is a significant genetic component to Alzheimer’s disease, with certain gene mutations increasing the risk of developing the condition.

One of the most well-known of these mutations is the APOE gene, which produces a specific protein that helps carry fats in the blood and brain. People who inherit one or two copies of the APOE4 variant of this gene have a significantly higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease compared to those who do not have this genetic variation.

Although genetics cannot be changed, understanding your family’s medical history can help you make informed decisions about your health and potentially address other risk factors.

2. Lifestyle factors

Several lifestyle factors have been linked to an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. These include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, and smoking.

A sedentary lifestyle and poor diet have also been associated with a greater likelihood of developing cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. Fortunately, many of these risk factors can be addressed through positive lifestyle changes, such as regular physical exercise, a healthy diet, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

Minimizing stress and staying socially engaged may also help reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s and maintain cognitive abilities.

3. Head injuries

There is a significant body of evidence to suggest that head injuries may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease later in life.

This is particularly true of repeated head traumas, such as those experienced by athletes in contact sports or military personnel. Traumatic brain injuries have been shown to trigger the formation of abnormal proteins in the brain, such as tau and beta-amyloid, that are the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. This can lead to a cascade of cognitive decline over time.

While it may not always be possible to avoid head injuries, taking steps to prevent them, such as wearing helmets when bicycling or engaging in contact sports, can help minimize this risk factor.

Conclusion

While the development of Alzheimer’s disease is influenced by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, understanding and managing these risk factors can potentially reduce your likelihood of developing the condition.

If you are concerned about your risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease or are experiencing cognitive symptoms, however, it is essential to consult with a medical professional to get an accurate diagnosis and develop an appropriate care plan.