Colds and flu are common illnesses that affect millions of people every year.

Symptoms of colds and flu

The symptoms of the common cold and flu are very similar and can include:.

Coughing
Sneezing
Sore throat
Fever
Body aches
Fatigue

Prevention

The best way to avoid catching a cold or the flu is to take preventative measures:.

Wash your hands frequently with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds.
Avoid touching your face, especially your nose, mouth and eyes.
Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a tissue or your elbow.
Stay away from people who are sick, especially those with coughs and colds.
Disinfect frequently touched surfaces in your home and workplace.
Eat a balanced diet and maintain a healthy lifestyle to keep your immune system strong.
Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water or other fluids.

What to do if you get sick

If you do catch a cold or the flu, there are steps you can take to help alleviate the symptoms:.

Stay home and rest to avoid spreading the illness to others.
Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated and help loosen congestion.
Use over-the-counter medications to relieve symptoms such as fever, cough and congestion.
Gargle with warm salt water to relieve a sore throat.
Take a warm shower or use a humidifier to ease congestion.

When to seek medical attention

In most cases, colds and flu can be treated with at-home remedies and resolve on their own within a week or two. However, there are some cases when medical attention is necessary:.

If you have difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
If you have a high fever (above 103 degrees Fahrenheit)
If you have chest or abdominal pain
If you have a persistent cough that lasts longer than two weeks
If you have a weakened immune system, such as due to HIV/AIDS or chemotherapy

Conclusion

Prevention is the key to staying healthy during cold and flu season. By practicing good hygiene, eating a healthy diet and staying away from sick people, you can minimize your risk of catching these illnesses.

If you do get sick, take care of yourself and don’t hesitate to seek medical attention if necessary.