When it comes to treating cervical cancer, one of the primary concerns for many women is the preservation of their fertility. Conservative surgery is a treatment option that offers hope for those who wish to have children in the future.

In this article, we will explore the different types of conservative surgeries available for cervical cancer and how they can help preserve fertility.

1. Cone Biopsy or Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP)

Cone biopsy and LEEP are both types of surgical procedures that involve the removal of a cone-shaped piece of tissue from the cervix.

These procedures are typically performed when cervical cancer is in its early stages and has not spread beyond the cervix. Cone biopsy and LEEP can help remove cancerous cells while preserving the majority of the cervical tissue, increasing the chances of future fertility.

2. Cold Knife Conization (CKC)

Cold knife conization, also known as CKC, is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of a cone-shaped piece of tissue from the cervix, similar to cone biopsy. However, CKC is performed using a scalpel rather than an electrical current.

This procedure is often recommended for women with larger or more invasive cervical lesions. Like cone biopsy and LEEP, CKC can help preserve fertility by removing cancerous cells while leaving the majority of the cervix intact.

3. Radical Trachelectomy

A radical trachelectomy is a more extensive surgical procedure that removes the cervix and the upper part of the vagina, while leaving the uterus intact.

This procedure is typically performed on women with early-stage cervical cancer who wish to preserve their fertility. After a radical trachelectomy, a stitch is placed at the remaining cervix to keep the uterus closed during pregnancy. This allows women to carry a pregnancy to term and give birth via cesarean section.

4. Laparoscopic-Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy (LAVH)

LAVH is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that involves the removal of the uterus and cervix through small incisions in the abdomen.

While this procedure may not preserve fertility in its entirety, it may still be an option for women with early-stage cervical cancer who have completed childbearing or do not wish to have children in the future. LAVH offers a faster recovery time and less scarring compared to traditional open surgeries.

5. Radical Hysterectomy with Ovarian Transposition

For women with more advanced cervical cancer who require a radical hysterectomy, ovarian transposition can be considered.

During this procedure, the ovaries are moved out of the radiation field to protect them from the potential damage caused by radiation therapy.

While fertility preservation is not possible with a radical hysterectomy, ovarian transposition can increase the chances of maintaining ovarian function and hormonal production, thereby preserving menopausal symptoms and potential future use of the eggs.

Conclusion

Conservative surgery offers several treatment options for women with cervical cancer who wish to preserve their fertility.

Whether it’s cone biopsy, LEEP, CKC, radical trachelectomy, LAVH, or radical hysterectomy with ovarian transposition, each procedure has its own considerations and outcomes. It’s important for women to consult with their healthcare providers to determine the best treatment option based on the stage and severity of their cervical cancer, as well as their individual goals for future fertility.