Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects social interactions, communication, and behavior.

One common aspect of ASD is the presence of eating behaviors and preferences that differ from those of typically developing children. In this article, we will explore some of the common eating behaviors in autistic children and discuss strategies that may help manage these behaviors.

1. Food Selectivity

Many autistic children are highly selective when it comes to the foods they eat. They may have a narrow range of preferred foods and may be resistant to trying new foods.

This selective eating behavior can lead to nutritional deficiencies and challenges in providing a balanced diet.

2. Sensory Sensitivities

Autistic children often have sensory sensitivities, which can influence their eating behaviors. Certain textures, smells, colors, or tastes may be particularly aversive to them, making it difficult to introduce new foods.

They may prefer foods with a specific texture, such as crunchy or smooth, and avoid foods with mixed textures.

3. Food Rituals and Routines

Establishing rituals and routines around mealtimes is common among autistic children. They may insist on eating in a specific order, arranging their food a certain way, or using specific utensils.

Any deviation from these rituals and routines can cause distress and resistance to eating.

4. Sensory Seeking Behaviors

While some autistic children may avoid certain sensory aspects of food, others may seek out intense sensory experiences. They may engage in behaviors such as licking, smelling, or biting food excessively.

These sensory-seeking behaviors can be challenging to manage and may interfere with the child’s ability to eat a meal.

5. Picky Eating

Picky eating is a common behavior among autistic children. They may refuse foods based on their color, shape, or even the way they are presented. Picky eating can also be related to sensory sensitivities and a resistance to trying new foods.

6. Food Aversion

Some autistic children experience food aversion, which refers to a strong dislike or fear of certain foods. This aversion may be linked to past negative experiences, such as choking or vomiting while eating a particular food.

Food aversion can significantly limit the variety of foods a child is willing to eat.

7. Eating in Isolation

Autistic children may prefer to eat in isolation, away from others. They may find the sensory and social aspects of eating with others overwhelming.

Eating in isolation can lead to social isolation and may further contribute to challenges in expanding food preferences.

8. Food Refusal

Food refusal is a behavior commonly observed in autistic children. They may refuse to eat certain foods or entire food groups, leading to concerns about inadequate nutrition.

Food refusal can be related to various factors, including sensory sensitivities, food aversion, and a lack of routine and structure around mealtimes.

9. Food Intolerances and Allergies

Some autistic children have dietary restrictions due to food intolerances or allergies. These intolerances may exacerbate certain ASD symptoms and impact eating behaviors.

It is important to identify and address any underlying food intolerances or allergies in order to ensure proper nutrition.

10. Texture Modification

Modifying the texture of food can help accommodate the sensory preferences and sensitivities of autistic children. For example, pureeing vegetables or blending foods can make them more palatable for those who struggle with certain textures.

Texture modification can also aid in the introduction of new foods by gradually adjusting the texture over time.

Conclusion

Understanding and addressing the common eating behaviors in autistic children is essential for their overall well-being.

By recognizing the factors that contribute to these behaviors and implementing appropriate strategies, parents, caregivers, and educators can support autistic children in developing a healthier relationship with food and expanding their food preferences.