Depression is a mental health disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a persistent feeling of sadness, lack of interest, hopelessness, and worthlessness.

Depression can be caused by various factors, including genetics, life events, medical conditions, or lifestyle habits. Here are ten factors that increase the risk of depression:.

1. Genetics

Like many other mental health disorders, depression can be hereditary. If you have a family history of depression, you are at an increased risk of developing the disorder.

Research suggests that certain genes may play a significant role in the development of depression. However, having a genetic predisposition doesn’t necessarily mean that you will develop depression.

2. Life events

Stressful or traumatic life events can trigger depression in some people. These events can include a death in the family, divorce, financial problems, abuse, or a chronic illness.

People who have experienced multiple traumatic events in their lives are at a higher risk of developing depression.

3. Medical conditions

Chronic medical conditions can increase the risk of depression. Conditions such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and chronic pain can affect a person’s quality of life and cause feelings of hopelessness and despair.

Additionally, certain medications used to treat medical conditions can cause depression as a side effect. Hormonal imbalances and thyroid problems can also cause depression.

4. Substance abuse

Using drugs or alcohol can lead to depression. While substance use may temporarily relieve feelings of stress or anxiety, it can also lead to a cycle of addiction and depression.

Substance abuse can also interfere with a person’s social and occupational functioning, further worsening depression.

5. Brain chemistry

Depression can be caused by an imbalance in the brain’s neurotransmitters, which are responsible for regulating mood. Disturbances in the levels of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine can cause depression.

Inadequate amounts of these neurotransmitters can cause feelings of sadness or hopelessness.

6. Age

Depression can affect people of any age, but it is more common in older adults.

As people age, they may experience a more significant number of life events, such as financial difficulties, health problems, and bereavement, which can contribute to depression. Additionally, physical changes associated with aging can affect mood and increase the risk of depression.

7. Gender

Women are twice as likely as men to develop depression. Hormonal changes during menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause can contribute to depression in women.

Women may also experience more significant stressors such as balancing work and family responsibilities, which can contribute to depression.

Having a supportive social network can help protect against depression. People with strong social ties may feel less stressed and isolated, which can reduce the risk of depression.

In contrast, people who lack social support may feel more alone and vulnerable to depression.

9. Personality traits

Some personality traits can increase the risk of depression. People who have low self-esteem, a negative outlook on life, or a tendency to worry excessively may be more likely to develop depression.

Additionally, people who are self-critical or have high levels of guilt may also be at an increased risk of depression.

10. Lifestyle habits

Lifestyle habits such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and inadequate sleep can increase the risk of depression. Eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and getting enough sleep can help improve mood and reduce the risk of depression.