Testosterone is a hormone produced in the testicles that is responsible for male physical characteristics such as muscle mass, facial hair, and a deep voice. As a man ages, the amount of testosterone produced by the body decreases.

This natural decline in testosterone production can lead to low testosterone levels, which can cause a variety of symptoms such as decreased energy, decreased sex drive, and even erectile dysfunction.

In response to these symptoms, many men turn to testosterone substitution therapy (TST), which involves the use of synthetic testosterone to supplement the body’s natural production.

While TST can be effective in alleviating symptoms of low testosterone, it is not without risks. In this article, we’ll explore the dangers of testosterone substitution therapy and what every man should know before considering TST.

1. Increased Risk of Heart Attack and Stroke

A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) found that men using testosterone replacement therapy had a 30% higher risk of heart attack, stroke, and death compared to men who did not use the hormone therapy.

While the study is not definitive, it suggests that TST may increase the risk of cardiovascular events in some men.

2. Development of Breast Tissue

Testosterone can be converted into estrogen in the body through a process called aromatization. In some cases, TST can cause an increase in estrogen levels, leading to the development of breast tissue in men, also known as gynecomastia.

Gynecomastia can be both physically and emotionally distressing for men, and may require surgical intervention to correct.

3. Prostate Cancer Risks

The prostate is a gland that sits just under the bladder and is responsible for making some of the fluid that carries sperm. Testosterone can stimulate the growth of prostate cells, which may increase the risk of prostate cancer.

While the link between TST and prostate cancer is not clear, men with a history of prostate cancer may be at increased risk when using TST and should consult with their doctor before starting therapy.

4. Skin Irritation and Acne

Testosterone therapy can cause skin irritation at the site of application, particularly if using topical creams or gels.

In some cases, TST can also lead to the development of acne, which can be a problem for some men, particularly those who are prone to breakouts.

5. Sleep Apnea Development

Sleep apnea is a condition in which breathing stops and starts during sleep. Testosterone therapy can worsen sleep apnea in some men, particularly those who already have the condition. If you have sleep apnea, talk to your doctor before considering TST.

6. Liver and Kidney Problems

Testosterone therapy can put stress on the liver and kidneys, potentially leading to liver or kidney damage in some men. Regular monitoring of liver and kidney function is essential for men using TST.

7. Infertility

Testosterone therapy can cause a decrease in sperm production, which can lead to infertility in some men. This effect may be temporary or permanent, depending on the length and type of therapy.

8. Aggressive Behavior

Testosterone is often associated with increased aggression, and TST can sometimes exacerbate this effect in some men. While not all men experience aggressive behavior when using TST, it is a potential side effect that should be considered.

9. Hair Loss

Testosterone therapy can sometimes cause hair loss or accelerate male pattern baldness, particularly in men who are genetically predisposed to hair loss.

While hair loss is not a serious health concern, it can be distressing for some men who are already struggling with the physical effects of low testosterone.

10. Dependency and Addiction

Testosterone therapy can sometimes lead to dependency or addiction, particularly in men who abuse the therapy or use higher doses than recommended.

Dependency on TST can lead to a range of negative consequences, including financial strain, relationship problems, and impaired social functioning.

Conclusion

Testosterone substitution therapy can be an effective treatment for low testosterone levels and the accompanying symptoms.

However, it is not without risk, and every man considering TST should carefully weigh the potential benefits and risks before proceeding. If you are experiencing symptoms of low testosterone, talk to your doctor about the best course of treatment for your specific situation.