Eczema is a common skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by itchy, red, and often inflamed patches of skin, and can be a frustrating and uncomfortable experience for those who suffer from it.

While there are many factors that can contribute to the development of eczema, including genetics, environment, and lifestyle, recent research has uncovered a surprising new cause of eczema risk: the gut.

The Gut-Skin Connection

It may seem strange to think that the health of your gut could have an impact on your skin, but recent studies have shown that there is a significant link between the two.

The gut is home to trillions of bacteria, collectively known as the gut microbiome. These bacteria play a crucial role in many functions of the body, including digestion, immune function, and skin health.

Research has shown that the gut microbiome is closely connected to the skin microbiome, which refers to the bacteria that live on the surface of the skin.

In fact, some studies show that the composition of the gut microbiome can directly affect the composition of the skin microbiome. When the balance of bacteria in the gut is disrupted, it can lead to an overgrowth of harmful bacteria, which can then spread to the skin and cause issues like eczema.

The Role of Diet

One of the primary factors that can disrupt the balance of bacteria in the gut is diet. The modern Western diet, which is high in processed foods, sugar, and unhealthy fats, has been shown to be particularly detrimental to the gut microbiome.

When harmful bacteria in the gut are allowed to overgrow, they can produce toxins that get released into the bloodstream. These toxins can trigger an immune response that can lead to inflammation throughout the body, including the skin.

On the other hand, a diet that is high in fiber, whole foods, and healthy fats can help support the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut.

These bacteria are known to have anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce the risk of eczema and other inflammatory skin conditions.

The Importance of Probiotics

In addition to eating a healthy diet, taking probiotics can also be important for maintaining a healthy gut microbiome. Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can help support digestion, immune function, and skin health.

They can be found in foods like yogurt, kefir, and sauerkraut, as well as in supplement form.

One study found that taking a probiotic supplement containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG for six months significantly reduced the severity of eczema in children.

Another study found that a combination of two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, helped improve skin hydration and reduce the severity of eczema in adults.

The Link Between Stress and Eczema

In addition to diet and probiotics, stress can also play a significant role in the development of eczema.

Stress can impact the gut microbiome by disrupting the balance of bacteria and causing changes in gut function, such as increased permeability of the gut lining. This can lead to increased inflammation throughout the body, including the skin.

Researchers have found that stress can also directly impact the skin microbiome, leading to a decrease in the number and diversity of bacteria on the skin.

This can make the skin more vulnerable to harmful bacteria, which can then trigger inflammation and eczema.

The Role of Probiotics in Stress Reduction

Fortunately, probiotics may also be able to play a role in reducing stress and improving mood.

Studies have shown that certain strains of probiotics can help reduce levels of cortisol, the hormone that is released in response to stress, and improve symptoms of anxiety and depression.

One study found that taking a probiotic supplement containing Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum for 30 days helped lower levels of psychological distress and symptoms of depression in healthy volunteers.

Conclusion

While the causes of eczema are complex and multifactorial, recent research has shown that the gut microbiome can play a surprisingly large role in eczema risk.

Eating a healthy diet, taking probiotics, and managing stress can all help support a healthy gut microbiome and reduce the risk of eczema and other inflammatory skin conditions.