Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system attacks healthy cells in the body. These types of diseases can lead to severe conditions and complications. There are several factors that can increase the risk of developing autoimmune diseases.

Here are five of them:.

1. Genetics

Genetics plays a significant role in autoimmune diseases. It is estimated that up to 25% of people with autoimmune diseases have a close family member who also has an autoimmune disease.

Specific genes can increase the risk of developing autoimmune diseases, such as the HLA gene, which is linked to several autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and type 1 diabetes. However, having a genetic predisposition does not guarantee that someone will develop an autoimmune disease.

2. Gender

Autoimmune diseases are more common in women than in men, with the exception of some diseases like ankylosing spondylitis or multiple sclerosis.

The reason for this is unknown, but it is believed to be related to hormonal differences between men and women. Hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause may play a role in the development of autoimmune diseases.

3. Environmental factors

Environmental factors can trigger or worsen autoimmune diseases. Exposure to certain chemicals, drugs, and infections can damage tissues and trigger an immune response.

Some common environmental triggers include smoking, toxins found in some foods, and viral or bacterial infections. Some researchers suggest that overly hygiene and cleanliness may reduce the exposure of the immune system to different microorganisms, reducing its capacity to distinguish what is and what is not harmful.

4. Age

Autoimmune diseases can affect people of all ages, but some diseases are more common in certain age groups.

For example, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus are typically diagnosed at younger ages, while polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis are more common in older people. It is believed that changes in the immune system as the body ages may make older adults more susceptible to developing autoimmune diseases.

5. Stress

Stress can impact the immune system and increase the risk of developing autoimmune diseases. Chronic stress can lead to inflammation and impact immune function, making the body more susceptible to infections and disease.

Studies have shown that long-term stress can worsen the symptoms of autoimmune diseases, such as Crohn’s disease and rheumatoid arthritis.

In conclusion, autoimmune diseases can be challenging to diagnose and treat.

However, by understanding the factors that can increase your risk of developing an autoimmune disease, you may be able to take steps to reduce your chances of developing one or to manage it better if you do. Talk to your healthcare provider if you are experiencing symptoms or suspect that you may have an autoimmune disease.