High blood sugar, or hyperglycemia, occurs when the body is not able to properly use insulin or when there is not enough insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps control blood sugar levels.

When insulin is not effective or not available, glucose (sugar) cannot enter the body’s cells to be used for energy, and it builds up in the bloodstream instead. This can cause a range of symptoms that, if left unmanaged, can lead to serious health problems.

Symptom #1: Frequent urination

One of the most common symptoms of high blood sugar is frequent urination. This happens because the kidneys are working hard to remove excess sugar from the bloodstream, and this sugar ends up in the urine.

As a result, you may need to urinate more often than usual, including in the middle of the night, and you may feel like you can never fully empty your bladder.

Symptom #2: Increased thirst

As your body loses more fluids through urination, you may also experience increased thirst. If you find yourself drinking more water than usual, or if you feel parched even when you are drinking enough, it could be a sign of high blood sugar.

Symptom #3: Fatigue

Because the body is not able to use glucose for energy, you may feel tired or lethargic. This can be especially noticeable after meals or when you have been inactive for a period of time.

Symptom #4: Blurred vision

High blood sugar can damage blood vessels in the eyes, leading to blurred vision or even vision loss in severe cases.

If you notice changes in your vision, such as difficulty focusing or sudden vision loss, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible.

Symptom #5: Slow-healing sores

Another complication of high blood sugar is that it can damage blood vessels and nerves, which can lead to slow-healing sores or infections. This is especially true in the feet and legs, which may be compromised by poor circulation.

Symptom #6: Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet

If high blood sugar persists for a long time, it can cause nerve damage, also known as neuropathy. This can lead to a sensation of tingling or numbness in the hands or feet.

Over time, neuropathy can cause more serious problems, such as loss of sensation or even amputation.

The symptoms of high blood sugar can vary from person to person, and they may not be noticeable at first.

However, it is important to monitor your blood sugar levels if you have a risk of developing diabetes or if you have been diagnosed with the condition. By doing so, you can catch high blood sugar early and prevent serious health complications.

Preventing High Blood sugar

While some people may have a genetic predisposition to high blood sugar, there are some steps you can take to lower your risk:.

1. Exercise regularly

Physical activity helps lower blood sugar levels by increasing insulin sensitivity and enabling glucose to enter cells for energy. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.

2. Control your weight

Being overweight or obese can increase your risk of developing high blood sugar and diabetes. Focus on eating a healthy diet that is low in sugar, salt, and saturated fat, and try to maintain a healthy weight.

3. Monitor your blood sugar levels

If you have been diagnosed with high blood sugar, it is important to monitor your blood sugar levels regularly. This will help you identify patterns and adjust your treatment plan as needed.

4. Take your medications as prescribed

If you have been prescribed medication to manage high blood sugar, it is important to take it as directed by your doctor. This can help prevent complications and keep your blood sugar levels within a healthy range.

5. Manage stress

Stress can raise blood sugar levels by triggering the release of hormones that increase glucose production. To manage stress, try relaxation techniques like deep breathing, yoga, or meditation, or talk to a mental health professional.

By being aware of the symptoms of high blood sugar and taking steps to prevent it, you can reduce your risk of developing serious health complications related to diabetes.