Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, diabetes was the seventh leading cause of death in 2016, and the number of people with diabetes has been increasing over the years.
Diabetes is a condition where your body doesn’t produce enough insulin or cannot use the insulin effectively.
Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, and when your body cannot use it effectively, your blood sugar level rises, leading to various symptoms and complications.
Risk Factors
Not everyone is at the same risk of developing diabetes. Certain factors increase your chances of developing the condition. Here are some of the risk factors:.
1. Family History
If any of your family members have or had diabetes, you are at a higher risk of developing it as well.
2. Age
The risk of developing diabetes increases with age. People over 45 years of age are more likely to develop diabetes.
3. Obesity
Being overweight or obese increases your risk of developing diabetes. The more weight you carry, the more resistant your cells become to insulin.
4. Sedentary Lifestyle
A sedentary lifestyle, that is, lack of physical activity, can increase your risk of developing diabetes.
5. History of Gestational Diabetes
If you had gestational diabetes during pregnancy, you are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
6. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Women with PCOS are at a higher risk of developing diabetes.
Symptoms of Diabetes
It’s important to know the symptoms of diabetes so that you can get an early diagnosis and treatment. Here are some of the symptoms of diabetes:.
1. Frequent Urination
If you are urinating more frequently than usual, especially at night, it could be a symptom of diabetes.
2. Increased Thirst
If you are feeling more thirsty than usual, it could be a symptom of diabetes.
3. Unexplained Weight Loss
If you are losing weight without trying, it could be a symptom of diabetes.
4. Increased Hunger
If you are feeling hungry all the time, it could be a symptom of diabetes.
5. Fatigue
If you are feeling tired all the time, it could be a symptom of diabetes.
6. Blurred Vision
If you are experiencing blurred vision, it could be a symptom of diabetes.
Diagnosis
There are several tests that your doctor can do to diagnose diabetes. These include:.
1. Fasting Plasma Glucose Test
This test measures your blood glucose level after you fast for at least 8 hours. If your blood glucose level is higher than normal, it could be a sign of diabetes.
2. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
This test measures your blood glucose level before and after you drink a sweet drink. If your blood glucose level remains high after two hours, it could be a sign of diabetes.
3. Random Plasma Glucose Test
This test measures your blood glucose level at any time of the day, regardless of when you last ate. If your blood glucose level is higher than normal, it could be a sign of diabetes.
Treatment
Diabetes is a chronic condition that cannot be cured, but it can be managed. The goal of treatment is to keep your blood glucose level under control to prevent complications. Here are some of the ways to manage diabetes:.
1. Diet
A healthy diet can help keep your blood glucose level under control. Your doctor or a registered dietitian can help you create a meal plan that is right for you.
2. Exercise
Regular exercise can help your body use insulin better and lower your blood glucose level. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.
3. Medications
If lifestyle changes are not enough to keep your blood glucose level under control, your doctor may prescribe medication. There are several types of medication that can help manage diabetes.
Conclusion
Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Knowing your risk factors and symptoms of diabetes can help you get an early diagnosis and treatment.
By managing your blood glucose level, you can prevent complications and live a healthy life.