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Complications of Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnancy

Learn the complications of urinary tract infections in pregnancy and how to prevent and treat them. Understand the possible ways of managing UTIs when pregnant by margotmills
Estimated reading time: 2 min 25 sec
Complications of Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnancy Photo by Peter Steele on Pexels

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection that affects the urinary tract. Women are more prone to getting UTI than men because their urethra is shorter, making it easy for bacteria to reach the bladder.

Pregnant women, however, have a higher risk of developing a UTI due to the changes in their body.

Causes of UTI in Pregnancy

During pregnancy, hormones lead to changes in the urinary tract making it easier for bacteria to grow. The growing fetus also puts pressure on the bladder which can cause incomplete bladder emptying and urine retention.

This shows the importance of proper self-care and hygiene in pregnant women to avoid UTI.

Complications of UTI in Pregnancy

UTI in pregnancy can cause severe complications which include:.

1. Preterm Labor

UTI has been attributed to preterm labor in pregnant women. The bacteria responsible for UTIs can enter the uterus and trigger contractions leading to early delivery, which can cause complications to the baby.

Preterm labor can also lead to low birth weight, respiratory distress syndrome, and other complications to the newborn.

2. Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis is a severe kidney infection that can occur if a UTI is left untreated. Pregnant women are more susceptible to pyelonephritis because of decreased immune function.

Symptoms of pyelonephritis include high fever, chills, back pain, vomiting, and nausea. It can cause premature labor and may require hospitalization and antibiotics.

Related Article Consequences of Untreated UTI during Pregnancy Consequences of Untreated UTI during Pregnancy

3. Preeclampsia

UTI has also been linked to preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine. Preeclampsia can cause serious complications, including placental abruption, stillbirth, and maternal mortality.

UTI is believed to contribute to the development of preeclampsia due to the body’s inflammatory responses.

4. Low Birth Weight

Babies born to mothers who have untreated UTI are more likely to have a low birth weight. UTI in pregnancy has been linked to fetal-growth restriction, which reduces the baby’s birth weight.

Low birth weight increases the risk of neonatal mortality and other complications related to the newborn’s health.

5. Birth Defects

UTI during pregnancy can cause birth defects in newborn babies. The bacterial infections can cause deformities in the baby’s development and can be a major cause of congenital anomalies, later affecting the overall health of the child.

Preventing UTI during Pregnancy

Prevention and early treatment of UTI in pregnancy are critical to avoid severe complications. Pregnant women can prevent UTI by:.

  • Drinking plenty of water, fluids, and cranberry juice
  • Wiping front to back after using the toilet
  • Urinating frequently even if you don’t feel the need to go
  • Avoiding tight-fitting clothing
  • Practicing safe sex

Treatment of UTI during Pregnancy

It is essential to treat UTI immediately to prevent potential complications to the mother and baby.

The standard treatment for UTI during pregnancy is antibiotics. Pregnant women experiencing UTI symptoms should contact their healthcare providers immediately for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Avoiding self-medication is critical because certain medications may affect pregnancy outcomes.

Disclaimer: This article serves as general information and should not be considered medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance. Individual circumstances may vary.

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