Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that starts in the large intestine or rectum. It is the third most common type of cancer in both men and women in the United States, with more than 100,000 new cases diagnosed each year.

Like all cancers, early detection is key to successful treatment. Knowing the early warning signs of colon cancer can help you seek treatment early, which can improve your chances of recovery.

Change in Bowel Habits

If you notice changes in your bowel movements that last more than a few days, it may be a sign of colon cancer. Symptoms can include:.

Constipation
Diarrhea
Narrow stools
Blood in your stool
Feeling like you still need to have a bowel movement even after you’ve gone

Abdominal Pain or Cramping

Abdominal pain or discomfort, including gas pain, bloating, or cramping, can be a sign of colon cancer. You may also experience unexplained weight loss, which can be a result of cancer causing changes in your bowel habits and nutrient absorption.

Fatigue and Weakness

Like many cancers, colon cancer can cause fatigue and weakness. If you notice that you are tired or weak even after getting enough sleep and rest, you should consider seeing a doctor for an evaluation.

Bloating or Obstruction

If a tumor or cancer cells block part of your colon, you may experience bloating, abdominal pain, or constipation. In severe cases, the colon may become completely obstructed, which can be a medical emergency.

Anemia

Anemia is a condition in which your body doesn’t have enough red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout your body. Colon cancer can cause bleeding in your colon or rectum, which can lead to anemia.

Symptoms can include fatigue, weakness, dizziness, and pale skin.

Unexplained Weight Loss

Unexplained weight loss, especially if it happens quickly, can be a sign of colon cancer. Tumors can cause changes in your bowel habits and nutrient absorption, which can lead to weight loss.

Nausea and Vomiting

If a tumor or cancer cells block part of your colon, you may experience nausea and vomiting as your body tries to expel waste that can’t pass through normally.

Rectal Bleeding

Blood in your stool, or rectal bleeding, can be a sign of colon cancer. If you notice blood on your toilet paper or in your stool, it’s important to see a doctor.

While rectal bleeding can be caused by other conditions, such as hemorrhoids, it’s important to rule out colon cancer.

Changes in Your Stool

If you notice changes in your stool, such as thinner stools or an unusual shape or color, it could be a sign of colon cancer. Pay attention to any changes in your bowel habits and talk to your doctor if you notice anything unusual.

Family History of Colon Cancer

If you have a family history of colon cancer, especially in a first-degree relative such as a parent or sibling, you may be at an increased risk of developing the disease.

Talk to your doctor about your family history and when you should start getting screened for colon cancer.