Nephrolithiasis, commonly known as kidney stones, is a painful condition affecting millions of people worldwide. Kidney stones are hard mineral deposits that form small pebbles in the kidneys.

These pebbles can cause excruciating pain, fever, and vomiting. Fortunately, you can prevent nephrolithiasis by following some basic rules. Here are the top five rules for preventing kidney stones:.

Rule 1: Drink Plenty of Water

Drinking plenty of water is the most important rule for preventing nephrolithiasis. The recommended amount of water is at least eight glasses per day. This helps to flush out the mineral deposits before they become hard and form pebbles.

Drinking enough water also helps to dilute the urine and reduce the concentration of minerals in the kidneys. This makes it less likely for kidney stones to form. You can also drink lemon water or lime water as they contain citrate, which can help to prevent kidney stones.

Rule 2: Reduce Sodium and Animal Protein Intake

Reducing sodium and animal protein intake can also help to prevent nephrolithiasis. Sodium and animal protein can increase the concentration of minerals in the kidneys, making it easier for kidney stones to form.

You should limit your daily intake of sodium to less than 2,300 milligrams per day. You should also limit your intake of animal protein, including red meat, chicken, and fish, to no more than six ounces per day. Instead, you can opt for plant-based protein sources, such as lentils, beans, and tofu.

Rule 3: Include Calcium-Rich Foods in Your Diet

Contrary to popular belief, including calcium-rich foods in your diet can help to prevent nephrolithiasis. Calcium in food does not increase the risk of kidney stones.

In fact, calcium can help to bind with oxalate, a mineral that can lead to kidney stones, and prevent it from being absorbed by the body. You should aim to include calcium-rich foods, such as milk, yogurt, and cheese, in your diet. You can also take calcium supplements after consulting with your doctor.

Rule 4: Limit Oxalate-Rich Foods

Oxalate-rich foods can increase the risk of nephrolithiasis as they can bind with calcium and form kidney stones. You should limit your intake of oxalate-rich foods, such as spinach, rhubarb, beets, nuts, and chocolate.

However, you should not completely eliminate these foods from your diet, as they also provide important nutrients.

Rule 5: Exercise Regularly

Exercise is not only good for overall health, but it can also help to prevent nephrolithiasis. Regular exercise can help to improve kidney function and reduce the risk of kidney stones.

Exercise can also help to maintain a healthy weight, which is important for preventing kidney stones. You should aim to exercise for at least 30 minutes per day, five days per week.

If you follow these five basic rules, you can significantly reduce your risk of nephrolithiasis.

However, if you have a history of kidney stones or have any underlying medical conditions, you should consult with your doctor before making any dietary or lifestyle changes.