Menstrual bleeding is a normal physiological process that occurs in women every month. However, sometimes the bleeding can indicate an underlying health issue that requires medical attention.

It is essential to know what is considered normal menstrual bleeding and what is not to determine when you should be concerned.

What is normal menstrual bleeding?

Normal menstrual bleeding is different for every woman. The average menstrual cycle lasts about 28 days, but it can range from 21 to 35 days. Menstrual bleeding typically lasts from three to seven days, with the average being five days.

The amount of blood lost during menstruation can also vary from woman to woman. Most women lose between 30 and 40 milliliters of blood during their period. However, it is not uncommon for some women to lose up to 80 milliliters of blood.

It is also normal for the blood to be bright red at the beginning of the period and turn darker towards the end.

If you experience menstrual bleeding that falls within these ranges, then there is usually nothing to be concerned about.

However, if your menstrual bleeding is different from what you usually experience or lasts longer than seven days, then you may want to speak with your healthcare provider.

Reasons to be concerned about menstrual bleeding

Heavy menstrual bleeding

Heavy menstrual bleeding, also called menorrhagia, is a common issue that affects many women.

Heavy bleeding can be concerning because it can lead to anemia, a condition in which your body does not have enough red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout your body.

Causes of heavy menstrual bleeding

Some of the causes of heavy menstrual bleeding include:.

Fibroids
Polyps
Endometriosis
Adenomyosis
Thyroid problems
Bleeding disorders
IUD use
Medications, such as blood thinners

If you are experiencing heavy menstrual bleeding, then you should speak with your healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and the best treatment options for you.

Irregular menstrual bleeding

Irregular menstrual bleeding can be concerning because it can indicate an underlying health issue or hormonal imbalance. Irregular bleeding can also make it difficult to plan for events or activities, such as vacations and special occasions.

Causes of irregular menstrual bleeding

Some of the causes of irregular menstrual bleeding include:.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Thyroid problems
Stress
Weight fluctuations
IUD use
Perimenopause or menopause
Uterine fibroids
Endometriosis

If you are experiencing irregular menstrual bleeding, then you should speak with your healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and the best treatment options for you.

Painful menstrual bleeding

Painful menstrual bleeding, also called dysmenorrhea, can be concerning because it can interfere with your daily activities, such as work and school. Painful bleeding can also indicate an underlying health issue.

Causes of painful menstrual bleeding

Some of the causes of painful menstrual bleeding include:.

Endometriosis
Uterine fibroids
Adenomyosis
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Ovarian cysts
Cervical stenosis
Endometrial polyps

If you are experiencing painful menstrual bleeding, then you should speak with your healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and the best treatment options for you.

When to seek medical attention

You should seek medical attention if you experience any of the following symptoms:.

Heavy bleeding that lasts longer than seven days
Intermittent bleeding or spotting between periods
Bleeding after menopause
Severe cramping or abdominal pain during menstruation
Foul-smelling discharge or fever during menstruation

If you experience any of these symptoms, then you should speak with your healthcare provider as soon as possible to determine the underlying cause and the best treatment options for you.

Conclusion

Menstrual bleeding is a normal physiological process that can indicate an underlying health issue if it falls outside of what is considered normal for you.

If you experience heavy, irregular, or painful menstrual bleeding or any of the symptoms listed above, then you should speak with your healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and the best treatment options for you.