Women’s bodies go through many changes throughout their lives. From puberty to pregnancy to menopause, women experience unique physiological challenges that can lead to recurring health issues.

If left unchecked, these problems can have a serious impact on a woman’s quality of life. Below are ten common recurring women’s health problems and what women can do to manage them.

1. Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

Urinary tract infections, or UTIs, are caused by bacteria entering the urethra and bladder. Symptoms include painful urination, frequent urges to urinate, and bloody or cloudy urine.

UTIs are more common in women than men due to the proximity of the urethra to the anus. To reduce the risk of UTIs, women should wipe front to back after using the toilet, drink plenty of water, and urinate after sex. Over-the-counter pain relievers can provide relief from UTI symptoms, but antibiotics are the most effective treatment.

2. Yeast infections

Yeast infections occur when the normal balance of bacteria and yeast in the vagina is disrupted, leading to an overgrowth of yeast. Symptoms include itching, burning, and soreness in the vaginal area.

Yeast infections are more common in women who are pregnant, have diabetes, or are taking antibiotics. Over-the-counter antifungal creams or prescription medications can help treat yeast infections. Eating a balanced diet and avoiding tight-fitting clothing can also help prevent yeast infections.

3. Menstrual cramps

Menstrual cramps are caused by the contraction of the uterus as it sheds its lining during menstruation. Symptoms can vary from mild discomfort to debilitating pain. Over-the-counter pain relievers and heating pads can help with menstrual cramps.

Women can also try taking birth control pills or using an IUD to reduce the severity of menstrual cramps.

4. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. Symptoms include irregular periods, acne, weight gain, and excess hair growth. PCOS can also lead to infertility and an increased risk of diabetes and heart disease.

Treatment for PCOS usually involves lifestyle changes such as weight loss and exercise, as well as medication to regulate hormones.

5. Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue that lines the uterus grows outside the uterus, causing pain and discomfort. Symptoms include cramping, heavy periods, and pain during sex. Endometriosis can also lead to infertility.

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Treatment for endometriosis can include pain relievers, hormone therapy, and surgery.

6. Fibroids

Fibroids are noncancerous growths that develop in the uterus. Symptoms can include heavy periods, pelvic pain, and frequent urination. In some cases, fibroids can also lead to infertility.

Treatment for fibroids can include medication to manage symptoms or surgery to remove the fibroids.

7. Breast cancer

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the cells of the breast. Symptoms can include lumps in the breast or armpit, dimpling or puckering of the skin, and nipple discharge.

Early detection is key to successfully treating breast cancer, so women should perform monthly breast self-exams and get regular mammograms.

8. Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the ovaries. Symptoms can include bloating, abdominal pain, and difficulty eating or feeling full quickly. Like breast cancer, early detection is key to successfully treating ovarian cancer.

Women should talk to their doctor about their risk for ovarian cancer and discuss the possibility of getting a CA-125 blood test or transvaginal ultrasound to screen for the disease.

9. Depression and anxiety

Depression and anxiety are common mental health conditions that affect women more often than men. Symptoms can include feelings of sadness or hopelessness, difficulty sleeping, and loss of interest in activities once enjoyed.

Treatment for depression and anxiety can include therapy, medication, or a combination of both.

10. Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a condition in which the bones become weak and brittle, increasing the risk of fractures. Women are at a higher risk for osteoporosis than men, especially after menopause.

Treatment for osteoporosis can include medication to increase bone density, calcium and vitamin D supplements, and weight-bearing exercise.