A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common health condition that primarily affects the urinary system, which includes the bladder, urethra, ureters, and kidneys. UTIs can occur in both men and women, but they are more prevalent in women.

This article will outline the signs and symptoms of a UTI to help you identify and seek timely medical attention in case of an infection.

1. Painful and Frequent Urination

One of the most common signs of a UTI is experiencing a burning or painful sensation while urinating. This discomfort typically occurs in the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body.

Additionally, individuals with UTIs often feel the need to urinate more frequently than usual, although the volume of urine expelled may be small.

2. Urgent Need to Urinate

Another telltale sign of a UTI is a strong and sudden urge to urinate, even if you have just emptied your bladder. This persistent feeling can be quite bothersome and can disrupt your daily activities and sleep patterns.

3. Cloudy or Bloody Urine

A change in the appearance of urine is often an indication of a urinary tract infection. If you notice that your urine has become cloudy, uty, or contains traces of blood, it could be a sign of a UTI.

Blood in urine (hematuria) can present as pink, red, or brown discoloration.

4. Foul Odor

One of the unmistakable signs of a urinary tract infection is the presence of a pungent odor in your urine. This unpleasant smell is often distinct and may be noticeable even outside of the bathroom.

5. Pelvic Pain

In some cases, UTIs can cause pain or discomfort in the pelvic region. This pain may be dull or achy and can range from mild to severe. If the infection spreads to the kidneys, you may experience flank pain or lower back pain.

6. Fatigue and Weakness

Feeling fatigued or weak can be a symptom of a UTI. This is because the body is fighting off the infection, which can drain your energy levels. If you notice a sudden onset of fatigue, it is essential to consider the possibility of a UTI.

7. Fever and Chills

In more severe cases, a UTI can lead to fever and chills. These symptoms indicate that the infection has spread to the kidneys and requires immediate medical attention. High fever, accompanied by pain in the back or side, should never be ignored.

8. Discomfort in the Lower Abdomen

Discomfort or pressure in the lower abdomen is a common symptom of a urinary tract infection. This sensation can be intermittent or constant and may worsen during urination. If the pain becomes severe or persistent, seeking medical advice is crucial.

9. Pain during Sexual Intercourse

For some women, a UTI can cause pain or discomfort during sexual intercourse. This pain may occur in the pelvic region, urethra, or bladder and can hinder one’s ability to maintain a healthy sexual relationship.

10. Confusion (In Elderly Patients)

In older adults, particularly those with compromised immune systems, UTIs can sometimes cause confusion, disorientation, and even hallucinations.

If an elderly individual suddenly exhibits such symptoms, it is important to consider a possible urinary tract infection.

It is essential to remember that these signs and symptoms can vary from person to person. Some individuals may experience all of these symptoms, while others may only have a few.

If you suspect that you have a UTI, it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment.