Thyroid dysfunction refers to an imbalance in the production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is a small butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck that produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development.

The symptoms of thyroid dysfunction can vary depending on whether the thyroid gland is producing too much or too little thyroid hormone. Here are ten common symptoms of thyroid dysfunction:.

1. Fatigue

Feeling tired or exhausted all the time is a common symptom of both hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid gland) and hyperthyroidism (an overactive thyroid gland).

When the thyroid gland is not functioning properly, it can cause the body’s energy levels to become imbalanced, leading to fatigue and exhaustion.

2. Weight Changes

Changes in weight are another common symptom of thyroid dysfunction. People with hypothyroidism often gain weight, while those with hyperthyroidism tend to lose weight.

This is because the thyroid gland regulates metabolism and an imbalance in thyroid hormone levels can affect how the body processes calories and stores fat.

3. Hair Loss

Thyroid dysfunction can also cause hair loss, particularly hypothyroidism. This is because thyroid hormones play a role in the growth and maintenance of hair follicles.

When the thyroid gland is not functioning properly, hair growth can slow down or stop, causing hair to become thin or fall out.

4. Mood Changes

Changes in mood are another common symptom of thyroid dysfunction.

People with hypothyroidism may experience depression, anxiety, and difficulty concentrating, while those with hyperthyroidism may have irritability, nervousness, and difficulty sleeping.

5. Constipation

Constipation is a common symptom of hypothyroidism because thyroid hormones regulate the digestive system. When the thyroid gland is not producing enough thyroid hormone, it can slow down the digestive system, leading to constipation.

6. Muscle Weakness

Thyroid dysfunction can also cause muscle weakness and pain. People with hypothyroidism often experience muscle weakness and cramps, while those with hyperthyroidism may have muscle weakness and tremors.

7. Irregular Periods

Thyroid hormone levels can affect the menstrual cycle in women. Women with hypothyroidism may have longer and heavier periods, while those with hyperthyroidism may have shorter and lighter periods.

They may also experience irregular periods or difficulty getting pregnant.

8. Heat or Cold Intolerance

Thyroid hormones play a role in regulating body temperature. People with hypothyroidism often feel cold and may have a lower body temperature, while those with hyperthyroidism feel hot and may have a higher body temperature.

9. Dry Skin

Dry skin is a common symptom of hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormones help regulate the moisture levels in the skin, and when the thyroid gland is not producing enough thyroid hormone, skin can become dry and itchy.

10. Enlarged Thyroid Gland

In some cases, thyroid dysfunction can cause the thyroid gland to become enlarged, causing a visible lump in the neck called a goiter. This is more common in hypothyroidism but can also occur in hyperthyroidism.