Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland. The condition can lead to an underactive thyroid, also known as hypothyroidism.

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States.

Understanding Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck. It produces hormones that regulate the body’s metabolism.

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and damage to the gland. Over time, this damage can cause the thyroid gland to produce less thyroid hormone.

While the exact cause of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is unknown, there are certain factors that may increase the risk of developing the condition. These factors include:.

Being female
Having a family history of thyroid disease
Age (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is most common in middle-aged women)

It’s important to recognize the signs and symptoms of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis so that it can be diagnosed and treated early. Here are the tell-tale signs to look out for:.

1. Fatigue and weakness

One of the most common symptoms of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is fatigue and weakness. This occurs because the thyroid gland is not producing enough thyroid hormone, which is essential for energy production in the body.

2. Weight gain

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can also cause unexplained weight gain. This occurs because the body’s metabolism is slowed down when there is a lack of thyroid hormone.

In addition, the body may retain excess water and salt, leading to bloating and weight gain.

3. Sensitivity to cold

People with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis may also experience sensitivity to cold temperatures. This occurs because the thyroid hormone plays a role in regulating the body’s temperature.

When there is less thyroid hormone in the body, it can be harder to maintain a normal body temperature.

4. Hair loss and dry skin

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can cause changes in the skin and hair. People with the condition may experience dry, itchy skin, as well as hair loss or thinning hair.

5. Joint pain and stiffness

Inflammation caused by Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can also affect the joints, leading to joint pain and stiffness. This is because inflammation can cause damage to the joint tissues, leading to pain and inflammation.

6. Depression and anxiety

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can also affect mental health. People with the condition may experience depression and anxiety, which can be caused by the hormonal imbalances in the body as well as the stress of living with a chronic condition.

7. Menstrual irregularities

Women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis may experience menstrual irregularities, such as heavier or lighter periods, or missed periods. This occurs because the thyroid hormone plays a role in regulating the menstrual cycle.

8. Swelling in the neck

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can cause swelling in the neck, also known as a goiter. This occurs because the immune system is attacking the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and swelling in the area.

9. Hoarseness and difficulty swallowing

In some cases, the swelling caused by Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can put pressure on the vocal cords and esophagus. This can lead to hoarseness, as well as difficulty swallowing.

10. High cholesterol levels

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can also affect cholesterol levels in the body. People with the condition may have high cholesterol levels, which can increase the risk of heart disease.

Conclusion

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it’s important to talk to your doctor. They can perform tests to check your thyroid function and determine whether you have Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage the symptoms of the condition and prevent complications.