Kidney pain is a discomfort or ache that occurs in one or both kidneys, which are bean-shaped organs located on either side of the spine, just below the ribcage.

These vital organs play a crucial role in filtering waste products and excess fluids from the blood, producing urine, and maintaining the body’s electrolyte balance. When the kidneys are affected by certain conditions or diseases, they can cause pain that ranges from mild to severe.

Common Causes of Kidney Pain

There are various causes of kidney pain, and it is essential to identify the underlying factor to manage the condition effectively. Some of the most common causes include:.

Kidney Stones

Kidney stones are hard deposits of minerals and salts that form in the kidneys. When these stones pass through the urinary tract, they can cause excruciating pain.

This pain often radiates from the back to the lower abdomen and may be accompanied by other symptoms such as blood in the urine, frequent urination, and nausea.

Urinary Tract Infections

A urinary tract infection (UTI) occurs when bacteria enter the urinary tract and multiply, leading to infection. UTIs can affect the kidneys and cause pain in the lower back or sides.

Other symptoms of a UTI include a strong urge to urinate, a burning sensation during urination, cloudy urine, and fever.

Kidney Infections

A kidney infection, also known as pyelonephritis, is a severe type of UTI that affects the kidneys. It occurs when bacteria from the bladder travel up the ureters and reach the kidneys.

In addition to kidney pain, symptoms of a kidney infection may include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and frequent urination.

Kidney Stones vs. Kidney Infection: How to Tell the Difference

Distinguishing between kidney stones and kidney infections can sometimes be challenging, as they share similar symptoms such as back pain and urinary changes. However, certain characteristics can help differentiate the two conditions.

Kidney Pain from Other Medical Conditions

While kidney stones and infections are among the most common causes of kidney pain, there are other medical conditions that can also lead to discomfort in the kidneys. Some of these conditions include:.

Kidney Cancer

Kidney cancer, also known as renal cell carcinoma, is a type of cancer that originates in the kidneys.

It can cause persistent pain in the back or side, along with other symptoms like blood in the urine, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and swelling in the ankles or legs.

Polycystic Kidney Disease

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is an inherited disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys. These cysts gradually enlarge, causing pain in the back or sides.

In addition to pain, PKD can lead to complications such as high blood pressure and kidney failure.

Preventing Kidney Pain and Its Lethal Risks

While some causes of kidney pain cannot be prevented, adopting certain lifestyle habits can reduce the risk of developing kidney-related complications. Here are some steps you can take to protect your kidneys:.

1. Stay Hydrated

Ensuring an adequate intake of fluids helps maintain proper kidney function and prevents the formation of kidney stones. Aim to drink at least eight glasses of water per day, or more if you engage in strenuous activities or live in a hot climate.

2. Eat a Balanced Diet

Avoid excessive consumption of sodium, processed foods, and sugary drinks, as they can increase the risk of kidney damage. Instead, focus on incorporating a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins into your diet.

3. Exercise Regularly

Engaging in regular physical activity improves blood circulation and promotes overall health, including kidney function. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, or as recommended by your healthcare provider.

4. Do Not Smoke

Smoking damages blood vessels and decreases blood flow to the kidneys, increasing the risk of kidney disease. If you smoke, seek assistance to quit and avoid secondhand smoke whenever possible.

5. Limit Alcohol Consumption

Excessive alcohol consumption can disrupt kidney function and lead to complications such as alcoholic nephropathy. Limit your alcohol intake to moderate levels – no more than one drink per day for women, and two drinks per day for men.

Seeking Medical Attention

If you experience persistent kidney pain or any concerning symptoms, it is crucial to seek prompt medical attention.

A healthcare professional can evaluate your condition, determine the underlying cause of the pain, and recommend appropriate treatment options to alleviate your discomfort and prevent potential complications.