Cystoscopy is a medical procedure that allows a doctor to examine the inside of a patient’s bladder. The procedure involves inserting a cystoscope, a thin tube with a lens and a light, through the urethra and into the bladder.

The procedure can help detect and diagnose bladder problems, including bladder cancer, urinary tract infections, and bladder stones.

When is Cystoscopy Recommended?

Cystoscopy may be recommended when a patient has symptoms that suggest a bladder problem. These symptoms may include:.

Blood in the urine
Frequent urination
Painful urination
Inability to urinate
Urinary incontinence

In addition, cystoscopy may be recommended to monitor the progress of treatment for bladder problems or to evaluate the cause of abnormal results on a urine test or imaging study.

What to Expect During the Procedure

Before a cystoscopy, a patient may be given a sedative or local anesthesia to help reduce pain and discomfort during the procedure. The patient will lie down on an exam table with their feet in stirrups to allow the doctor to access the area.

The doctor will then insert the cystoscope through the urethra and into the bladder, using the light and lens to examine the bladder wall and urethra.

The procedure typically takes 5 to 20 minutes, and patients may feel some discomfort or pressure as the cystoscope is inserted and moved through the bladder.

After the procedure, patients may experience some discomfort or burning during urination for a short period of time.

Benefits and Risks of Cystoscopy

Cystoscopy can be an effective tool for detecting and diagnosing bladder problems. In addition, the procedure is minimally invasive and usually does not require an overnight hospital stay.

However, there are some risks associated with the procedure, including:.

Bleeding or infection
Difficulty urinating
Bladder perforation
Reaction to anesthesia or sedative

Patients should discuss the risks and benefits of cystoscopy with their doctor before the procedure.

Preparing for Cystoscopy

Before a cystoscopy, patients may be asked to perform a urine test to check for infection or other abnormalities. Patients may also need to avoid eating or drinking for a few hours before the procedure.

Prior to the procedure, patients should inform their doctor of any medications they are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

Patients may need to stop taking certain medications, such as blood thinners, prior to the procedure to reduce the risk of bleeding.

Post-Procedure Care

Following a cystoscopy, patients may experience some discomfort or burning during urination for a short period of time. Patients may be advised to drink plenty of fluids to help flush bacteria out of the bladder.

Patients should also inform their doctor if they experience any signs of infection, such as fever or chills, or if they experience severe pain or bleeding.

The Bottom Line

Cystoscopy can be an effective tool for diagnosing and monitoring bladder problems. Patients should discuss the risks and benefits of the procedure with their doctor prior to the procedure.

While there are some risks associated with cystoscopy, the procedure is generally safe and minimally invasive.