Hypothyroidism is a common medical condition affecting the gland found in the neck, called the thyroid gland. This gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate various functions in the body.

When this gland fails to produce enough thyroxine, it could lead to hypothyroidism. In this article, we will discuss the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism, and help you understand this condition better.

What Is Hypothyroidism?

Hypothyroidism is a medical condition that affects the thyroid gland and causes it to produce insufficient hormone levels.

The thyroid gland plays a critical role in metabolism, and it is responsible for producing two hormones: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones regulate many of the body’s functions, including metabolism, temperature regulation, and heart rate.

When the thyroid gland produces too little T4 and T3, it slows down metabolism and affects how the body functions.

This condition is called hypothyroidism and is more common in women, people over age 60, and those with a family history of thyroid disease.

Signs and Symptoms of Hypothyroidism

The symptoms of hypothyroidism can vary from person to person. Some people may experience no symptoms at all, while others may have debilitating symptoms. Here are some of the common symptoms:.

1. Fatigue

Feeling overly tired and lethargic is a common sign of hypothyroidism. This is because hypothyroidism can slow down the body’s metabolism, leading to feelings of fatigue and low energy levels.

Patients may experience difficulty getting out of bed in the morning or staying awake throughout the day despite getting adequate sleep at night.

2. Weight Gain

Hypothyroidism can cause weight gain in many patients. This is because the body’s metabolism slows down, making it more difficult for the body to burn calories.

Patients may find it challenging to lose weight, even when they are eating a healthy diet and exercising regularly. Unexplained weight gain is a cause for concern and should be checked by a doctor.

3. Hair Loss

Hair loss is a common symptom of hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in the growth and maintenance of hair follicles. When there is an imbalance of these hormones, hair growth slows down, leading to hair loss.

Patients may experience hair loss on their scalp, eyebrows, or other parts of their body.

4. Depression

Hypothyroidism can cause mood changes, including depression. The thyroid hormones affect the brain’s chemistry, and when there is an imbalance, it can lead to feelings of sadness and hopelessness.

Patients may also experience anxiety and irritability as a result of their condition.

5. Dry Skin and Brittle Nails

Hypothyroidism can cause dry skin and brittle nails. This is because thyroid hormones play an important role in skin and nail health. When there is an imbalance of these hormones, patients may experience dry, flaky skin and brittle, weak nails.

6. Constipation

Another common symptom of hypothyroidism is constipation. The thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating the digestive system, and when there is an imbalance, it can slow down the digestive process, leading to constipation.

7. Cold Sensitivity

Hypothyroidism can cause patients to feel cold all the time. The thyroid hormones play an important role in regulating body temperature, and when there is an imbalance, patients may experience cold intolerance or sensitivity.

8. Menstrual Irregularities

Women with hypothyroidism may experience menstrual irregularities. This is because thyroid hormones play a crucial role in the menstrual cycle. When there is an imbalance, patients may experience heavier or lighter periods or irregular cycles.

9. Joint Pain and Muscle Weakness

Hypothyroidism can cause joint pain and muscle weakness in some patients. This is because thyroid hormones are essential for muscle and bone health. When there is an imbalance, patients may experience achy joints and muscles and feel weak overall.

10. High Cholesterol

Hypothyroidism can cause high cholesterol levels in some patients. This is because thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating cholesterol metabolism.

When there is an imbalance, patients may experience high levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol.

Closing Thoughts

Hypothyroidism is a common condition affecting millions of people worldwide. If you suspect that you may have hypothyroidism, it is important to speak with your doctor to determine the best course of treatment.

While there is no cure for hypothyroidism, it can be managed effectively with the right treatment plan.