Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that grow in the ovaries. They are common, and most women will develop at least one in their lifetime.

Ovarian cysts can range in size from a pea to a grapefruit and can be either harmless or pose a serious threat to your health. In this article, we will discuss the causes, impact, and management of ovarian cysts.

Causes of Ovarian Cysts

There is no single cause of ovarian cysts. However, the following factors can increase the risk of ovarian cysts:.

: Hormonal Imbalances

Hormonal imbalances may cause the ovaries to produce more follicles than usual, which can lead to the formation of cysts. Hormonal imbalances can occur for several reasons, including pregnancy, menopause, and the use of hormone therapy.

: Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a condition where the tissue that lines the uterus grows outside of the uterus, causing cysts to form.

: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a condition where the ovaries produce too much testosterone, which can cause cysts to form.

: Pregnancy

During pregnancy, the ovaries produce large quantities of hormones, which can cause cysts to form.

: Trauma

Trauma to the ovaries or abdomen can cause cysts to form.

Impact of Ovarian Cysts

Most ovarian cysts are benign and do not cause any symptoms. However, some cysts can grow larger and cause the following symptoms:.

: Pain

Large cysts can cause pain in the lower abdomen or back. Pain may also occur during sexual intercourse or after a menstrual period.

: Bloating and Swelling

A large ovarian cyst can cause the abdomen to appear bloated and swollen.

: Changes in Menstrual Cycle

Ovarian cysts can affect the menstrual cycle, causing it to become irregular or heavier than usual.

: Infertility

In some cases, ovarian cysts can cause infertility.

Management of Ovarian Cysts

Most ovarian cysts do not require treatment and will go away on their own within a few months. However, if the cyst is large, painful, or causes irregular periods, your doctor may recommend the following treatments:.

: Watchful Waiting

Your doctor may recommend watchful waiting if the cyst is small and doesn’t cause any symptoms. You will need to have regular check-ups to monitor the cyst’s growth.

: Birth Control Pills

Birth control pills can help regulate the menstrual cycle and prevent the formation of cysts.

: Surgery

If the cyst is large and causing pain, surgery may be required to remove it. In some cases, the entire ovary may need to be removed.

: Treatment for Infertility

If the cyst is causing infertility, your doctor may recommend fertility treatments to increase the chances of a successful pregnancy.

Conclusion

Ovarian cysts are common and usually benign. However, they can cause pain, swelling, and changes in the menstrual cycle. If you experience any of these symptoms, talk to your doctor. They can recommend the best treatment option for your specific situation.