Oral cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the mouth or throat. Most cases of oral cancer are caused by tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, and HPV infection.

The symptoms of oral cancer are often similar to other conditions, so it can be difficult to diagnose. However, there are some unusual characteristics of oral cancer that are important to be aware of.

1. Non-Healing Sores

A non-healing sore is a common symptom of oral cancer. It is often painless, and can be mistaken for a canker sore or cold sore. The sore may be located on the tongue, lips, or inside the mouth.

If a sore does not heal within two weeks, it is important to have it checked by a doctor.

2. White or Red Patches

White or red patches in the mouth or throat can be a sign of oral cancer. These patches may be flat or raised, and can be mistaken for thrush or lichen planus. If a white or red patch does not go away within two weeks, it should be checked by a doctor.

3. Difficulty Swallowing or Chewing

Difficulty swallowing or chewing can be a sign of advanced oral cancer. The tumor may be large and obstructing the passage of food and liquid. This symptom should be evaluated by a doctor as soon as possible.

4. Numbness or Tingling

Numbness or tingling in the mouth, tongue, or lips can be a sign of nerve damage caused by oral cancer. This symptom may also be accompanied by pain or a burning sensation.

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If you experience numbness or tingling that does not go away, it is important to see a doctor.

5. Loose Teeth

Loose teeth can be a sign of advanced oral cancer. The tumor may be invading the surrounding tissues and causing damage to the teeth and jawbone. If you experience loose teeth that are not caused by trauma or periodontal disease, see a doctor.

6. Changes in Voice

Changes in voice can be a sign of oral cancer that has spread to the larynx (voice box). The voice may become hoarse or raspy, or there may be difficulty speaking. These symptoms should be evaluated by a doctor.

7. Ear Pain

Ear pain can be a sign of advanced oral cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes near the ear. The pain may be accompanied by a feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear. If you experience ear pain that does not go away, see a doctor.

8. Swollen Lumps

Swollen lumps in the neck can be a sign of oral cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes. The lumps may be painless and slow-growing. If you notice a lump in your neck that does not go away, see a doctor.

9. Unexplained Weight Loss

Unexplained weight loss can be a sign of advanced oral cancer. The tumor may be affecting your ability to swallow or eat, or it may be releasing hormones that cause weight loss. If you experience unexplained weight loss, see a doctor.

10. Bad Breath

Bad breath can be a sign of oral cancer that has spread to the lungs or esophagus. The tumor may be releasing gases or causing an infection that produces bad breath. If you experience persistent bad breath, see a doctor.