Prostate hyperplasia, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a common condition that affects millions of men worldwide. It occurs when the prostate gland enlarges, causing various urinary symptoms.

While BPH is not life-threatening, it can significantly impact a person’s quality of life. Fortunately, there are several treatment options available to manage the condition. In this article, we will explore the best least invasive treatment options for prostate hyperplasia.

1. Watchful Waiting or Active Surveillance

In cases where the symptoms of BPH are mild and don’t significantly impact a person’s daily life, watchful waiting or active surveillance may be recommended.

This approach involves regularly monitoring the condition without immediate intervention. It is often recommended for older men who may have other health concerns that make surgery or other invasive treatments risky.

2. Lifestyle Changes

Simple lifestyle modifications can also help alleviate the symptoms of BPH. Making changes such as reducing fluid intake before bedtime, avoiding caffeine and alcohol, and practicing bladder-emptying techniques can provide relief.

Regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight are also beneficial as they can reduce the severity of symptoms.

3. Medications

Several medications are available for managing prostate hyperplasia. These medications work by either shrinking the prostate gland or relaxing the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck.

Alpha-blockers, such as tamsulosin and alfuzosin, help relax the muscles, while 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, such as finasteride and dutasteride, reduce the size of the prostate. Combination therapy may also be prescribed in certain cases.

4. Minimally Invasive Procedures

If medications fail to provide sufficient relief, minimally invasive procedures may be considered. These procedures aim to shrink or remove excess prostate tissue without the need for major surgery.

Some commonly used minimally invasive procedures include:.

4.1 Transurethral Microwave Therapy (TUMT)

TUMT involves the insertion of a special device into the urethra to deliver microwaves, which heat and destroy excess prostate tissue. This procedure is typically performed under local or general anesthesia and is often done on an outpatient basis.

4.2 Transurethral Needle Ablation (TUNA)

TUNA uses radio waves to heat and destroy excessive prostate tissue. A thin needle is inserted into the prostate gland through the urethra, and radio waves are used to heat the tissue.

TUNA is usually performed under local anesthesia and may require multiple treatments.

4.3 Prostatic Urethral Lift (PUL)

PUL is a relatively new procedure that involves the insertion of implants to hold the enlarged prostate away from the urethra. This relieves the pressure on the urethra and improves urinary flow.

PUL is typically done under local anesthesia and has shown promising results in reducing BPH symptoms.

4.4 Laser Therapy

Laser therapy uses high-energy laser beams to destroy or remove excess prostate tissue. Different types of laser therapy, such as holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) and photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP), are available.

Laser therapy is usually performed under general or spinal anesthesia.

5. Water-Induced Thermotherapy

Water-induced thermotherapy involves the delivery of targeted heat to the prostate gland using warm water. The heat destroys the excess prostate tissue. This procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia and requires a short hospital stay.

6. UroLift System

The UroLift system is a minimally invasive procedure that involves inserting small implants to hold the enlarged prostate away from the urethra. This opens up the blocked urethra and improves urinary flow.

The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia and has a quick recovery time.

7. Prostatic Artery Embolization (PAE)

PAE is a non-surgical procedure that involves blocking the arteries that supply blood to the prostate gland. By restricting blood flow, the prostate gland shrinks, relieving the urinary symptoms associated with BPH.

PAE is usually performed under local anesthesia and may require an overnight hospital stay.

8. High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU)

HIFU uses high-frequency sound waves to heat and destroy the excess prostate tissue. The procedure is performed by a specialized ultrasound machine that precisely targets the affected areas.

HIFU is usually done on an outpatient basis under local or general anesthesia.

9. Prostate Stents

Prostate stents are tiny, expandable devices that are inserted into the urethra to keep it open and improve urine flow. This can temporarily relieve the symptoms of BPH.

Prostate stents are typically used for short-term relief when other treatments are not readily available.

10. Herbal and Natural Remedies

In addition to medical interventions, some individuals find relief from BPH symptoms by using herbal and natural remedies.

Saw palmetto, beta-sitosterol, pygeum africanum, and rye grass pollen extract are among the most commonly used natural supplements. While these remedies may provide some symptomatic relief, their effectiveness varies from person to person, and it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before using any alternative treatments.

Conclusion

Prostate hyperplasia can significantly impact a person’s quality of life, but there are several treatment options available to manage the condition.

From watchful waiting and lifestyle changes to medication and minimally invasive procedures, there are least invasive approaches that can be considered before resorting to major surgery. It is crucial for individuals with BPH to consult with their healthcare providers to determine the most suitable treatment option for their specific case.