High cholesterol, also known as hypercholesterolemia, is a condition characterized by elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood. It is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes.

Despite its serious consequences, high cholesterol often goes undiagnosed as it does not exhibit any obvious symptoms in most cases. However, there are a few signs that could indicate high cholesterol levels. This article explores the most common high cholesterol symptoms.

1. Xanthomas

Xanthomas are fatty deposits that accumulate under the skin, usually around the eyes, tendons, or joints. These deposits appear as small, yellowish bumps or plaques and can be an indicator of high cholesterol levels.

Xanthomas can be painless or itchy and vary in size.

2. Xanthelasmas

Xanthelasmas are yellowish patches that form on the eyelids. These patches are a type of xanthoma and are often associated with high cholesterol levels.

While they don’t pose any physical discomfort or pain, their presence may warrant further investigation into cholesterol levels.

3. Arcus Senilis

Arcus senilis refers to a grayish-white ring-like deposit that forms around the edge of the cornea, the transparent layer at the front of the eye.

This condition is associated with aging; however, it can also indicate high cholesterol levels, especially in individuals under the age of 45. Arcus senilis is often observed in conjunction with other symptoms of high cholesterol.

4. Tendinous Xanthomas

Tendinous xanthomas are firm, yellowish nodules that develop on the tendons of the hands, elbows, knees, or feet. They occur due to the accumulation of cholesterol and other fats in the tendons. These nodules can be painful and limit joint movement.

5. Corneal Arcus

Corneal arcus is the formation of a white or grayish ring around the cornea of the eye. It is associated with high cholesterol levels and can be observed through a simple eye examination.

Corneal arcus may not cause any vision problems but can indicate the need for cholesterol management.

6. Chest Pain

Chest pain, also known as angina, can be a symptom of high cholesterol. When cholesterol builds up in the arteries, it restricts blood flow to the heart, leading to chest pain or discomfort.

This symptom is more commonly experienced during physical activities or under conditions that demand increased blood supply to the heart.

7. Shortness of Breath

Shortness of breath or dyspnea can occur due to high cholesterol levels. When the arteries supplying blood to the heart become narrowed, it reduces the oxygen supply to the heart, leading to difficulty in breathing.

This symptom is typically observed during physical exertion but may also occur at rest in severe cases.

8. High Blood Pressure

High cholesterol can contribute to the development of high blood pressure, also known as hypertension. Cholesterol buildup in the arteries leads to narrowing and stiffness, increasing the resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure.

Monitoring blood pressure regularly is crucial to identify potential risks associated with high cholesterol.

9. Numbness or Tingling

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) can be caused by high cholesterol levels. PAD occurs when cholesterol deposits accumulate in the arteries supplying blood to the limbs, resulting in reduced blood flow.

Numbness or tingling sensations in the legs, feet, arms, or hands, known as peripheral neuropathy, can be an indication of PAD.

10. Stroke

High cholesterol significantly increases the risk of stroke, which occurs when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted.

A stroke can cause various symptoms, including sudden weakness or numbness in the face, arm, or leg, slurred speech, vision problems, and difficulty in walking. Prompt medical attention is crucial for stroke management.

While these symptoms may suggest the presence of high cholesterol, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and accurate assessment of cholesterol levels.

Regular cholesterol screenings and adopting a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, are vital for managing cholesterol and reducing the risk of associated complications.