An underactive thyroid, also known as hypothyroidism, occurs when the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormones. This can cause a range of symptoms that affect your overall health and quality of life.

Hypothyroidism is more common in women than men, and it’s more likely to occur with age.

1. Fatigue and Weakness

One of the most common signs of an underactive thyroid is fatigue. You may find that you feel tired all the time, regardless of how much sleep you get. This can make it hard to concentrate or stay productive during the day.

You may also feel weak or sluggish, as if you can’t do as much physical activity as you used to.

2. Weight Gain

Hypothyroidism can slow down your metabolism, which can lead to weight gain. You may find that you gain weight even if you eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly. This weight gain can be hard to lose unless you address the underlying thyroid issue.

3. Cold Intolerance

People with hypothyroidism may feel cold more easily than others. They may have a lower body temperature than normal, and they may feel cold even when others around them are comfortable. This can be especially noticeable in the hands and feet.

4. Constipation

An underactive thyroid can slow down your digestive system, which can cause constipation. You may find that you have difficulty passing stools, or that your stools are hard and dry.

This can be uncomfortable and lead to further digestive issues if not addressed.

5. Dry Skin and Hair

If your thyroid isn’t producing enough hormones, your skin and hair may become dry and brittle. Your skin may feel rough or scaly, and your hair may break easily or look dull.

This can affect your self-confidence and lead to other skin or hair issues if left untreated.

6. Depression and Anxiety

Hypothyroidism can cause changes in mood and mental health. You may feel depressed or anxious without explanation, or you may notice changes in your mood or personality.

These changes can be subtle at first, but they can have a significant impact on your quality of life if left untreated.

7. Muscle Pain and Stiffness

If you have an underactive thyroid, you may experience muscle pain and stiffness. This can be especially noticeable in the neck, shoulders, and hips. You may find that you have difficulty moving or that you have muscle cramps or spasms.

8. Menstrual Irregularities

Women with hypothyroidism may experience changes in their menstrual cycle. They may have less frequent periods, more irregular periods, or heavier periods than usual.

This can be uncomfortable or inconvenient, and it can also affect fertility and reproductive health.

9. High Cholesterol

Hypothyroidism can lead to high levels of cholesterol in the blood. This can increase the risk of heart disease and other health issues.

If you have an underactive thyroid, it’s important to monitor your cholesterol levels and take steps to manage your overall cardiovascular health.

10. Hoarseness or Dry Throat

Your thyroid gland is located at the base of your neck, near your vocal cords. If your thyroid is enlarged or inflamed, it can press on your vocal cords and cause hoarseness or a dry throat.

You may notice changes in your speaking or singing voice, and you may also have difficulty swallowing or breathing.

If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, it’s important to talk to your doctor or healthcare provider. They can perform a simple blood test to check your thyroid hormone levels and determine if you have hypothyroidism.

With the right diagnosis and treatment, you can manage your symptoms and live a healthier, happier life.