Hair loss is a common concern among people of all ages and genders. While it is normal to lose about 50-100 strands of hair daily, excessive hair loss can be a cause for concern.

It is often an indication of an underlying medical condition that needs attention. In this article, we will explore some of the hidden medical problems that can lead to hair loss and discuss their symptoms, causes, and potential treatments.

1. Thyroid Disorders

The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating the body’s metabolism. Both hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) and hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) can lead to hair loss.

In hyperthyroidism, hair may become thin and brittle, while in hypothyroidism, hair loss is usually diffuse and can affect the entire scalp.

2. Alopecia Areata

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles, causing hair loss. It often presents as round patches of hair loss and can progress to complete baldness in severe cases.

Although the exact cause is unknown, genetic and environmental factors are believed to play a role.

3. Scalp Infections

Infections of the scalp, such as fungal infections (ringworm) or bacterial infections, can lead to temporary or permanent hair loss.

These infections cause inflammation and damage to the hair follicles, interrupting the normal hair growth cycle and resulting in hair loss.

4. Nutritional Deficiencies

Adequate nutrition is essential for healthy hair growth. Deficiencies in certain vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin D, vitamin B12, iron, and zinc, can lead to hair loss.

Hair follicles require these nutrients for proper function, and their deficiency can disrupt the hair growth cycle.

5. Stress and Anxiety

Excessive emotional or physical stress can cause a type of hair loss called telogen effluvium. This condition pushes hair follicles into the resting phase, leading to hair shedding.

It is often temporary and resolves once the underlying stressor is addressed and managed.

6. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by imbalances in sex hormones, insulin resistance, and ovarian cysts.

One of the common symptoms of PCOS is hair thinning and hair loss, which is caused by an increase in androgen hormones.

7. Medications and Treatments

Some medications and treatments can lead to hair loss as a side effect. Chemotherapy drugs, antidepressants, blood thinners, and certain acne medications are known to cause temporary or permanent hair loss.

It is essential to discuss potential hair loss side effects with your healthcare provider before starting any new medications.

8. Autoimmune Conditions

Various autoimmune conditions, such as lupus and psoriasis, can cause hair loss. These conditions involve an aberrant immune response which mistakenly targets the hair follicles. Hair loss patterns can vary depending on the specific autoimmune condition.

9. Hormonal Imbalances

Hormonal imbalances, particularly in women, can contribute to hair loss. Conditions like pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause can cause fluctuations in hormone levels, leading to temporary hair loss.

Hormonal imbalances can also result from conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome and thyroid disorders.

10. Genetic Factors

Genetics play a significant role in determining an individual’s susceptibility to hair loss. Male pattern baldness (androgenic alopecia) and female pattern hair loss are the two most common types of genetic hair loss.

These conditions are influenced by both male and female hormones and are often progressive over time.

While hair loss can be distressing, it is crucial to identify and address the underlying medical problem.

Consult with a healthcare professional or a dermatologist who can help determine the cause of your hair loss and develop an appropriate treatment plan.