Hypertrophic Myocardial Disease (HCM) is a condition in which the heart muscles become thickened and stiff, making it difficult for the heart to pump blood efficiently.

This can cause a range of symptoms, some of which may be potentially life-threatening if left untreated.

1. Shortness of Breath

One of the most common symptoms of HCM is shortness of breath. This can be caused by the heart’s inability to pump enough blood to supply the body with the oxygen it needs.

Shortness of breath may occur during exercise, while lying down, or even at rest.

2. Chest Pain or Discomfort

Chest pain or discomfort is another common symptom of HCM. This can be caused by the thickened heart muscle putting pressure on the coronary arteries. Chest pain or discomfort may be experienced during exercise, and may also occur at rest.

3. Heart Palpitations

Heart palpitations are another symptom of HCM. This can be caused by the heart’s irregular rhythm, which can be brought on by an abnormal heart valve or thickened heart muscle.

Palpitations may be experienced at any time, and may be accompanied by chest discomfort or shortness of breath.

4. Dizziness or Fainting

Dizziness or fainting can occur as a result of HCM. This can be caused by the heart’s inability to pump enough blood to the brain, or by an abnormal heart rhythm.

Fainting can be dangerous, particularly if it occurs while driving or operating heavy machinery.

5. Fatigue

Fatigue is a common symptom of HCM. This can be caused by the heart’s inability to pump enough blood to the body, resulting in low energy levels.

Fatigue may be experienced at any time, and may be accompanied by other symptoms such as shortness of breath or chest pain.

6. Swelling in the Legs or Ankles

Swelling or edema in the legs or ankles can occur as a result of HCM. This can be caused by the heart’s inability to pump blood efficiently, which can lead to fluid retention in the extremities.

Swelling may occur on one or both legs, and may be accompanied by discomfort or heaviness.

7. Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are abnormal heart rhythms that can occur as a result of HCM. This can be caused by the thickened heart muscle, which can disrupt the heart’s normal electrical signals.

Arrhythmias can be dangerous and may need to be treated with medication or procedures such as ablation.

8. Sudden Cardiac Arrest

Sudden Cardiac Arrest is a potentially life-threatening symptom of HCM. This can occur as a result of an abnormal heart rhythm, which can lead to a sudden loss of consciousness and cessation of breathing.

Sudden Cardiac Arrest requires immediate medical attention, including CPR and defibrillation.

9. Other Symptoms

Other symptoms of HCM may include high blood pressure, lightheadedness, and difficulty sleeping.

Conclusion

Hypertrophic Myocardial Disease is a potentially life-threatening condition that can cause a range of symptoms. If you experience any of the symptoms listed above, it is important to see a doctor right away.

Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms and may even prevent complications.