Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the joints and causes inflammation. It can lead to joint damage and disability.

Depression, on the other hand, is a mental health disorder that affects a person’s mood, thoughts, and behavior. It can cause feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed. While rheumatoid arthritis and depression may seem unrelated, there is evidence to suggest that they are linked.

In this article, we will explore the link between depression and rheumatoid arthritis and how it can affect a person’s overall quality of life.

Rheumatoid Arthritis and Depression

It is estimated that around one-third of people with rheumatoid arthritis also have symptoms of depression. This is a higher rate than that found in the general population.

The exact cause of this link is not yet known, but there are several factors that may contribute to it.

Biological Factors

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder, meaning that the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues. This immune response can cause inflammation, joint pain, and stiffness.

Inflammation can also affect the brain, leading to changes in mood, behavior, and cognitive function. In addition, the pain and disability caused by rheumatoid arthritis can be a source of stress that can worsen depression symptoms.

Psychological Factors

Living with a chronic illness like rheumatoid arthritis can be challenging. The pain, disability, and social isolation can take a toll on a person’s mental health.

Depression can also make it harder to manage the physical symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. For example, a person with depression may be less likely to follow their treatment plan or exercise regularly, which can lead to more joint damage and disability over time.

Social Factors

Rheumatoid arthritis can affect a person’s ability to work, participate in hobbies and social activities, and maintain relationships. This can lead to social isolation and feelings of loneliness, which can worsen depression symptoms.

In addition, living with a chronic illness can be expensive, leading to financial stress that can also contribute to depression.

Effects of Depression on Rheumatoid Arthritis

Depression can have several negative effects on a person’s health, especially for those living with a chronic illness like rheumatoid arthritis.

Pain Perception

Depression can make pain feel more intense. This can make it harder to manage the pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis.

In addition, depression can make it more difficult for a person to cope with pain, which can lead to a vicious cycle of worsening symptoms.

Disability

Depression can also contribute to disability in people with rheumatoid arthritis. It can make it harder to perform daily activities, such as cooking, cleaning, and bathing. This can lead to a loss of independence and a decreased quality of life.

Increased Inflammation

Depression has been linked to increased inflammation in the body. This can make the inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis worse, which can lead to more joint damage and disability over time.

Reduced Treatment Adherence

Depression can make it harder to follow a treatment plan. This can be especially detrimental for people with rheumatoid arthritis, who need to follow a medication and exercise regimen to manage their symptoms and prevent joint damage.

Management of Depression and Rheumatoid Arthritis

The good news is that there are treatments available for both depression and rheumatoid arthritis. A combination of medication, therapy, and self-care can help manage the symptoms of both conditions and improve a person’s quality of life.

Treatment for Depression

Treatment for depression may include medication, such as antidepressants, and therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy. Self-care is also important, such as exercise, healthy eating, and stress reduction techniques.

Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis may include medication, such as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Exercise, physical therapy, and joint protection techniques can also help manage symptoms.

Conclusion

Depression and rheumatoid arthritis may seem like unrelated conditions, but there is evidence to suggest that they are linked.

The pain, disability, and social isolation caused by rheumatoid arthritis can contribute to depression, while the inflammation and pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis can worsen depression symptoms. Treatment for both conditions is available and can improve a person’s overall quality of life.